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This was happening to me a LOT before I knew about these log files. Quite commonly the symptoms of there being an error in the database.log file is that something you've attempted to change is just not even remotely in the game. These are the only two I know for certain but just knowing that the logs are there and that you can check them at least gives you a place to look when you're not sure what's going on. For instance, the database.log shows syntax and database errors and the gameeffects.log shows issues with modifiers. The log files inside the Log Folder are a valuable set of files. With regular notepad you'll have to re-open the file, however with notepad++ it will detect the file has been changed and ask you if you'd like to reload it. Note - The reason I suggested Notepad++ in the tools section is that you might have the log file open before the error is thrown in there. These errors populated the database.log file in the Log Folder (See Folders section) when the game was at the loading screen.
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The yellow lines are (roughly) each time I clicked "Start Game" at the main menu. The screenshot below contains examples of these types of errors (highlighted in red). These are caused by typing something wrong (syntax) or not inserting a value (foreign key reference which also can be caused by inserting a reference to something before it has been inserted itself). The most common set of errors you'll run into when starting out are syntax and foreign key reference errors.
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